Neurotrophic factors GDNF and NRTN: from basic properties to clinical trials
نویسنده
چکیده
1 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS 2 LITERATURE REVIEW 4 1. Parkinson's disease and its treatment 4 1.1 Drug development: from animal models to clinical trials 7 1.2 Available PD treatments 10 1.3 Towards neurotrophic and neurorestorative therapies 11 2. GDNF family ligands (GFLs): structure, signalling and function 13 2.1 Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) 14 2.2 Neurturin (NRTN) 16 2.3 Artemin (ARTN) 17 2.4 Persephin (PSPN) 17 3. GFL receptors: structure and mediation of GFLs signalling 19 3.1 GDNF family receptor alpha 1-4 (GFRα1-4) 19 3.2 Rearranged during transfection (RET) 21 3.3 Role of the neural-cell adhesion molecule (N-CAM) in GFL signalling 24 4. Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs): roles in GFL signalling 26 4.1 Chondroitin/dermatan sulphate proteoglycans (CSPGs) 26 4.2 Heparan sulphate proteoglycans (HSPGs) 27 4.2.1 Syndecan-3 29 5. Neurotrophic factors as PD therapeutics: focus on GDNF and NRTN 31 5.1 Therapeutic potential of GDNF protein delivery 31 5.2 Therapeutic potential of virally-delivered NRTN 35 5.3 Clinical trials of neurotrophic factor delivery in PD: how to improve the results? 38 AIMS OF THE STUDY 40 MATERIALS AND METHODS 41
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تاریخ انتشار 2014